Date
5-20-2026
Department
School of Nursing
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD)
Chair
Theresa Pape
Keywords
medication administration errors, Prac+Safe, nursing students, numeracy, self-efficacy, NSE-Math, dosage calculation
Disciplines
Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research | Nursing
Recommended Citation
Draves, Amy Lou, "The Effect of The Implementation of the E-Learning Tool Prac+Safe on Self-Efficacy in the Medication Administration Math Numeracy of Second Year Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Quantitative Quasi-Experimental Study" (2026). Doctoral Dissertations and Projects. 8439.
https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/8439
Abstract
This quantitative quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study was performed to determine whether the integration of Prac+Safe, a web-based e-learning platform, would improve nursing students’ medication administration self-efficacy in numeracy, as measured by the Nursing Self-Efficacy in Mathematics (NSE-Math) scale. Safe medication administration practices include consistently and accurately performing dosage calculations. Reason’s theory of human error and Knowles’s theory of adult learning provided the foundation for the study. The convenience sample comprised 45 second-year nursing students from a large southeastern university in the United States. Participants completed the NSE-Math tool before and after the 4-week intervention of Prac+Safe assignments. Data was collected from the NSE-Math scale and analyzed with SPSS. A Shapiro-Wilk test assessed normality, followed by parametric, dependent paired samples t test. Prac+Safe assignments elicited a statistically significant increase in Nursing Self-Efficacy-Math compared to no additional assignments to student coursework. Therefore, the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in nursing self-efficacy in math scores (NSE-Math) between the pretest-posttest measurements after the implementation of Prac+Safe assignments was rejected. Although self-efficacy is a theoretically meaningful construct and known predictor of future behavior, future study recommendations include measurement of medication dosage calculation accuracy, simulated medication administration performance, and larger, longitudinal studies.
