Date
4-7-2026
Department
School of Behavioral Sciences
Degree
Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology (PhD)
Chair
Rachel Piferi
Keywords
introversion, extraversion, micromanagement, job satisfaction
Disciplines
Psychology | Social and Behavioral Sciences
Recommended Citation
Corkin-Sheffield, Jacqueline, "Introversion and Extraversion and their Relationship to Perceived Micromanagement and Job Satisfaction" (2026). Doctoral Dissertations and Projects. 8041.
https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/8041
Abstract
The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine if and to what extent job satisfaction outcomes of perceived micromanagement were related to the subscales of the extraversion domain (introversion, ambiversion, extraversion). Extraversion, one of the five personality domains of the Five Factor Model (FFM) is the broad trait category characterized by traits such as outgoingness, gregariousness, and ambition. The domain scale of extraversion indicates the degree to which an individual possesses traits consistent with these descriptors. The trait extraversion scale consists of low, moderate, and high designations, also called introversion, ambiversion, and extraversion, respectively. Participants completed the International Personality Item Pool; Narcissism Extraversion Openness Domain: Extraversion (IPIP NEO Dom EX), to measure extraversion, the Micromanagement Scale for School Principals/Proposed Micromanagement Inventory (PMM), and the Job Satisfaction Survey (JS) to measure the employees’ satisfaction with their work. Relationships between the variables were determined via correlations and the Kruskal Wallis test was used to test the variables against the groups of introverts, ambiverts, and extraverts. Significant findings included a strong negative relationship between perceived micromanagement and job satisfaction.
