Date

7-25-2025

Department

Rawlings School of Divinity

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy in Christian Leadership (PhD)

Chair

Gary J. Bredfeldt

Keywords

crisis communication, megachurches, COVID-19, image repair theory, discourse renewal theory, rhetorical arena theory, theological communication

Disciplines

Communication | Religion

Abstract

The purpose of this qualitative thematic analysis multi-case study was to explore how secular crisis communication theories were adopted and modified by theological themes in U.S. megachurches during the first six weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic related lockdowns. Image Repair Theory (IRT), Discourse Renewal Theory (DRT), and Rhetorical Arena Theory (RAT) were examined alongside Christian themes (Theodicy, Radical Love, Physical Care, and Nontraditional Stakeholder Scope). Thematic analysis of sermon transcripts from 18 megachurches showed that IRT modified: high-attribution tactics were minimal; denial (via IMRA theodicy) defended the Church Universal (CU); evasion justified Church Local (CL)actions; and offensiveness reduction (esp. Transcendence) provided theological meaning. DRT strategies were pervasive and theologically adapted: opportunity framing often invoked TAE theodicy; constructive change included digital adaptation and physical care outreach; stakeholder engagement mobilized the congregation; and forward-looking perspectives were theologically grounded. Megachurches actively engaged the rhetorical arena (RAT), primarily contesting secular narratives (e.g., Faith vs. Fear) and leveraging social media influence. The study concludes that theological commitments and the CU/CL dynamic significantly reshape secular crisis communication theories, challenging assumptions of universal applicability and highlighting the influence of inherited value systems, offering insights for pastors, communicators, and scholars.

Download

Share

COinS