Date

4-7-2026

Department

Rawlings School of Divinity

Degree

Master of Arts in Christian Apologetics (MA)

Chair

Laurie A. Schweinsberg

Keywords

Intermediate state, 2 Corinthians 5:1–8, Near-death experiences

Disciplines

Christianity

Abstract

This thesis examines whether Scripture and supporting evidence affirm that believers enter the immediate presence of Christ in a conscious and possibly embodied state prior to the resurrection. It argues that compelling scriptural, scientific, and philosophical evidence supports the doctrine that believers enter the presence of Christ immediately after death, in a conscious and possibly embodied state until the final resurrection. The study employs a multidisciplinary argument drawing upon biblical exegesis, philosophical reasoning, and relevant scientific insights from the emerging field of near-death experiences. This study uniquely frames the intermediate state as an apologetic issue, offering hope to Christians who struggle with confidence in a post-death existence that includes consciousness and individual identity. The research question is essential because rational answers are needed by pastors, grief counselors, those afflicted by the fear of death, and health care providers who must care for their patients’ souls as well as their bodies.

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